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Benedict Arnold
1741–1801 - American
Soldier. The most famous traitor in American history, he began as a valued staff officer on the American side of the Revolutionary War, eventually plotted to hand his command, West Point, over to the British, and ended the war as a British officer. In time his name became a by-word for treachery. ("So and so is a Benedict Arnold.")
Samuel Adams
1722–1803 - American
Merchant, political leader, and rebel. He courageously organized the Boston Tea Party prior to the American Revolutionary War.
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Toussaint L'Ouverture
1746–1803 - Haitian
Revolutionary. A former slave, he tied down a Napoleonic army, but died in captivity.
George Barrington
1755–1804 - Irish
Public figure, author. As a youth, he was arrested in London for theft and sent with other convicts to Botany Bay in Australia. There he became a respected political figure and historian.
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Immanuel Kant
1724–1804 - German
Philosopher. Kant is considered by some to be the greatest philosopher, or at least European philosopher, who ever lived. In addition to pointing out that the reality we observe will always be shaped by our mind, he tried to place morals on a firm foundation of logic through his celebrated Categorical Imperative, which held that actions can only be justified if we wished everyone else to emulate them. A professor of fixed habits, he lived all his life in one city and devoted himself totally to scholarship and philosophy.
Horatio Nelson
1758–1805 - English
Admiral. He was the nemesis of Napoleon, an exemplar of bravery, and a defier of social convention.
Michel Adanson
1727–1806 - French
Botanist. His classifications combined logic with a love of plants.
Benjamin Banneker
1731–1806 - American
Polymath and scientist. He was born the child of a free black mother and a slave father, was selected by Thomas Jefferson to help survey the District of Columbia, and later became widely known as a scientist. His story conclusively proved the intellectual potential of freed slaves.
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