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Giordano Bruno
1548–1600 - Italian
Astronomer. His support of Copernican ideas about the solar system, with the sun at its center, led to his execution by the Catholic Inquisition.
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Akbar the Great
1542–1605 - Indian
Mughal Emperor of India, celebrated Muslim military leader, unifier of India. He encouraged learning and knowledge, outlawed slavery, and promoted religious tolerance.
Guy Fawkes
1570–1606 - English
Political figure. Faithful to Catholicism, he plotted against the government and was hanged.
Jacobus Arminius
1560–1609 - Dutch
Protestant theologian. He opposed the Calvinist doctrine of predestination and began the process that would diminish the influence of Calvinism within Christian Protestantism.
Miguel de Cervantes
1547–1616 - Spanish
Writer. His most famous character, Don Quixote, tries to recreate the lost chivalry of the Middle Ages. This leads to poignant and comic scenes such as "tilting at windmills," a phrase which has entered the language. Quixoticism also refers to idealistic and hopeless pursuits.
Ieyasu Tokugawa
1542–1616 - Japanese
A warlord. He united the country and founded its last shogunate.
Concino Concini
1575–1617 - Italian
Court favorite. By winning favor with Marie de' Medici, the queen-regent of France, he acquired considerable wealth, which he spent lavishly. His luxurious tastes and personal recklessness became infamous, and he was assassinated.
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