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Forster, E. M.
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(1879-1970)
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1
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Fosdick, Harry
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(1878-1969)
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1
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Fosse, Bob
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(1927-1987)
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American
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Choreographer. He was best known for the dancing in the movie Cabaret, which seemed to capture and epitomize "decadence" in Germany between the two world wars.
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1
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Foster, Hal
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(1892-1982)
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American
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"Comic" artist and writer. His long-running weekly newspaper strip "Prince Valiant" was considered by many to be a masterpiece of comic art, characterization, and plotting, as well as a superb account of chivalric ideals.
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1
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Foster, Stephen
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(1826-1864)
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American
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Songwriter. He interpreted 19th century America.
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1
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Foucauld, Charles
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(1858-1916)
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1
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Foucault, Michel
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(1926-1984)
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1
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Fourier, Charles
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(1772-1837)
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1
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Fowler, H. W.
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(1858-1933)
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English
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Lexicographer. He was a lover of the English language, and taught others to love it as well.
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1
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Fox, Charles
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(1749-1806)
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3
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Francesca da Rimini
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(?-1285)
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Italian
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Tragic lover. She was forced to marry someone she did nt love and was then killed by him.
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1
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Francis of Assisi, St.
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(?1181-1226)
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Italian
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Religious leader. His story is one of the most important, and most moving, in the history of values. After a false start as a soldier, he preached and practiced a true imitation of Christ, eschewing all worldly possessions as part of a life of service to others, especially the poor, an idea which was revolutionary then and now. Just when things looked dark, however, his simplicity and sincerity persuaded the Pope that he was not a threat, and he was able to found the Franciscan Order of Monks. He is also especially well known for his love of nature and of animals and birds.
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3
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Francis, Dick
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(1920- )
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English
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Novelist. He rode horses as a professional jockey, then used that background to write popular novels about the track.
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1
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Franco, Francisco
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(1892-1975)
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Spanish
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General, fascist dictator. A friend of Hitler and Mussolini, he nevertheless retained power after World War II.
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1
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Frank, Anne
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(1929-1945)
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German-Jewish
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Student. She was killed by Nazis after years of hiding, recorded in her famous diary.
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1
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Frankfurter, Felix
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(1882-1965)
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Austrian-American
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Lawyer and teacher. He was a larger than life figure, brilliant and tirelessly energetic in his campaigns for what he considered social justice. He founded the American Civil Liberties Union in 1920 and was appointed by Roosevelt to the Supreme Court in 1939.
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2
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Franklin, Benjamin
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(1706-1790)
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American
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Founding father of the U.S., businessman, publisher, writer, and scientist. A fascinating, protean figure, he seemed to glorify worldly success, but also taught virtue and moderation as a means to success, advice that he sometimes disregarded.
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2
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Frazer, Sir James
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(1854-1941)
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Scottish
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Student of mythology. He wrote the fascinating 12-volume Golden Bough, completed in 1915, comparing myths and looking at mythology as a whole.
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1
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Freeman, Douglas Southall
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(1886-1953)
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American
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He was a leading source on the "Lost Cause," the Southern Confederacy, and a prototypical Southern "gentleman," but also a Southern liberal.
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2
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Freer, Charles
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(1856-1919)
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American
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Art collector and businessman. He collected Asian art in all forms, helped introduce it to the U.S., and left his collection to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington for what became the Freer Gallery.
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1
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Frege, Gottlob
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(1848-1925)
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German
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Philosopher. He embodied the logical mind in both its verbal and quantitative form.
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1
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Freud, Anna
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(1895-1982)
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2
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Freud, Sigmund
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(1856-1939)
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Austrian
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Psychologist. A medical doctor, he set out to found a true science of the mind, which he called psychoanalysis, and which eventually took the world by storm. More recently, Freud's work has been included in a Harvard College course entitled: "Failed Attempts to Be Factual."
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3
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Friedan, Betty
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(1921-2006)
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American
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Feminist. She led the feminist movement in the 1960's, wrote The Feminine Mystique, and founded the National Organization for Women (N.O.W.).
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1
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Friedman, Milton
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(1912-2006)
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American
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Economist. Although he proselytized for free economic markets, and became their chief intellectual spokesman, he nevertheless remained within the broad Keynesian macro-economic framework, somewhat inconsistently thought that government should control money and money markets, and advocated printing new money to forestall or cure a deflationary depression.
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1
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Frietschie or Fritchie, Barbara
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(1766-1862)
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American
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She flew her American flag as British troops passed and came to exemplify bravery.
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1
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Froebel, Friedrich
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(1782-1852)
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1
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Froissart, Jean
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(c.1333-c.1404)
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French
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Chronicler and poet. His work expressed high chivalric ideals.
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1
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Fromm, Erich
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(1900-1980)
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1
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Frost, John
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(1784-1877)
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Welsh
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He was a "Chartist" and tried to help the working classes.
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1
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Frost, Robert
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(1874-1963)
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1
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Froude, James
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(1818-1894)
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English
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Historian. Like his mentor, Thomas Carlyle, he believed in history as the record of individual action, and especially of great individuals, and he was interested in his subjects' private as well as public lives.
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1
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Fry, Elizabeth
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(1780-1845)
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English
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Social reformer. She worked tirelessly to improve prison conditions, especially for women.
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1
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Fry, Roger
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(1866-1934)
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English
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Art critic, painter. He was also a "Bloomsbury" bohemian.
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1
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Frye, Northrop
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(1912-1991)
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1
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Fuller, Buckminster
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(1895-1983)
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1
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Fuller, Kathryn
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( )
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1
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Fuller, Margaret
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(1810-50)
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1
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Gadamer, Hans-Georg
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(1900- )
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1
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Gaiseric or Genseric
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(c.390-477)
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Vandal
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King of the Vandals. He sacked Rome, which led to the term "vandalism."
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1
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Gaius
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(fl.130-180)
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1
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Galbraith, J. Kenneth
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(1908-2006)
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Canadian
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Economist. He served as president of the American Economic Association, wrote best-selling books, and was appointed by President Kennedy to be ambassador to India. But events largely overtook his principal economic thesis, laid out in the 1950's and 1960's, that American businesses had developed into vast monopolies that were invulnerable to competition.
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1
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Galileo
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(1564-1642)
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Italian
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Astronomer. He used a new telescope of his own design to confirm and expand on Copernicus's theory that the earth was a satellite of the sun, not the center of the solar system or universe. This led to conflict with the Roman Catholic Church, a forced recantation, and continuing imprisonment.
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1
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Gallaudet, Thomas
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(1787-1851)
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American
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Researcher and teacher. He helped the deaf and especially deaf-mutes.
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1
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Galsworthy, John
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(1867-1933)
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1
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Gamaliel
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(?-c.50)
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1
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Gandhi, Mohandas (Mahatma)
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(1869-1948)
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Indian
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Spiritual and political leader. He grounded the Indian independence movement on the principle of Satyagraha, which incorporated the search for the truth (satya), humility, pacifist or non-violent methods of struggle and resistance, and personal self-sacrifice for ideals greater than ourselves. Gandhi was very complicated, and his life involves paradoxes, such as the virtual abandonment of his wife and children.
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3
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Gangesa
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(c.1200)
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Indian
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Philosopher. He was an important thinker and logician, and contributed to the Nyaya and Vaisesika schools of Hindu thought.
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2
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Garbo, Greta
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(1905-1990)
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Swedish
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Film actress. She epitomized beauty, mystery, and reclusiveness.
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1
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Garfield, James
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(1831-81)
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1
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Garfinkel, Harold
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(1917- )
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1
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Garibaldi, Giuseppe
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(1807-1882)
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Italian
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Revolutionary, military leader. With Cavour, he founded an independent Italy.
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1
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Garland, Judy
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(1922-1969)
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American
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Actress, singer. She seemed to embody vulnerability.
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1
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Garner, John
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(1868-1967)
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American
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He broke with President Franklin Roosevelt whom he considered too radical. He also memorably said that the vice-presidency was not worth a bucket of warm piss.
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1
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Garrett, Pat
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(1850-1908)
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American
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A keeper of law and order.
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1
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Garrick, David
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(1717-1779)
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English
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Actor, theatre manager, and playwright. Famous as an actor, then theater owner, he came to epitomize the English stage.
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1
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Garrison, William
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(1805-79)
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2
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Gassendi, Pierre
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(1592-1655)
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French
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Philosopher. He defended the empirical position, requiring close observation and experiment, against the "rationalists" (logicians) and thus helped to develop modern science.
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1
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Gates, Bill
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(1955- )
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American
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Computer software entrepreneur, the richest person in the world. He started his computer software company on a shoestring and came to exemplify entrepreneurship.
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1
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Gaudi, Antonio
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(1852-1926)
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Spanish
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Architect. He was a master of fantasy.
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1
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Gauguin, Paul
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(1848-1903)
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2
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Gauss, Carl
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(1777-1855)
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German
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1
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Gautama
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(c.563-c483 BC)
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Indian
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Philosopher. He created Nyaya, one of the six classical schools of Hinduism, which emphasized logical technique, proper syllogistic reasoning, avoidance of fallacies, etc., but which also acknowledged a role for empiricism and intuition.
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2
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Gay, Peter
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(1923- )
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German-American
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He wrote about the Enlightenment and its values, Freud and Freudian values.
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1
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Genet, Jean
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(1910-1986)
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2
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Genghis Khan
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(1162/7-1227)
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Mongolian
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Empire builder. He created the (for a time) invincible Mongol military machine and ruthlessly exterminated anyone who dared oppose him, even whole towns and peoples. He is reputed to have said that the greatest anyone could have was to defeat an enemy, take their belongings, to make their families cry, to ride their horses, and to make love to their wives and daughters.
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3
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Geoffrey of Monmouth
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(c.1100-1154)
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Welsh
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He was an early source for the King Arthur legend.
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1
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George VI
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(1895-1952)
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English
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King. He unexpectedly succeeded to the throne in 1936 after the abdication of his brother Edward VII. Overcoming intense shyness, especially in speech-making, he went on to be immensely popular, especially during World War II.
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1
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George, Henry
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(1839-1897)
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American
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Economist. He favored major social and economic reforms, especially the? and his book, Progress and Poverty, became very influential.
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2
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George, St.
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(early 4th-c)
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1
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Geronimo
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(1829-1909)
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American Indian
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Chiricahua Apache chief. He fiercely resisted being confined to a reservation.
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1
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Gerson, Jean de
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(1363-1429)
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1
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Gertrude of Helfta
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(1256-1302)
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1
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Getty, J. Paul
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(1892-1976)
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American
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Oil tycoon. He made billions from oil, had many wives, but never seems to have found contentment. His fabulous antiquities collection is today owned by the Getty Trust, a charitable organization.
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1
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Ghazali, Abu Hamid
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(1058-1111)
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Iranian
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Thinker, writer, mystic. He became a Sufi, established a religious community, and became very influential.
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3
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Giap, Vo Nguyen
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(1912- )
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Vietnamese
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Vice-premier and defense minister of N. Vietnam. He was the architect of victory over the U.S.
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1
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Gibbon, Edward
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(1737-1794)
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English
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He wrote about ancient Rome and was an exemplar of 18th century "rationalist" values.
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1
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Gibson, Althea
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Tennis player
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|
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3
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Gibson, Charles
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(1867-1944)
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American
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Illustrator. He created the "Gibson girl" ideal.
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1
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Gibson, Josh
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(1911-1947)
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American
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Baseball player. He was a legendary hitter, should have been in the Major Leagues, but as a "colored" player was barred.
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1
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Gide, Andre
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(1869-1951)
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|
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2
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Gideon
|
|
Israelite
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Biblical judge. He defended monotheism and defeated the Midianites.
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1
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|
Gielgud, Sir John
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(1904-2000)
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English
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Actor, director. He came to represent high culture in the theater.
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1
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|
Gilbert, Sir W.S.
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(1836-1911)
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English
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Opera collaborator and librettist. His librettos for the Gilbert and Sullivan comic operas were justly famed for their satiric wit and, sometimes, their delightful silliness.
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1
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Gilbreth, Frank
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(1868-1924)
|
|
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1
|
|
Gilbreth,Lillian
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(1878-1972)
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|
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1
|
|
Giles, St.
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(?-c.700)
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|
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1
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|
Gillars, Mildred
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(1901-1988)
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German
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Nazi propagandist.
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1
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Gilman, Charlotte
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(1860-1935)
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American
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Feminist. Her book, Women and Economics, was a forerunner of feminism.
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1
|
|
Gingrich, Newt
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(1943- )
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American
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Politician. A voluble conservative, he remade the Republican Party, then stumbled in leading the House of Representatives.
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1
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Ginsberg, Allen
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(1926- )
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|
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1
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Gioberti, Vicenzo
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(1801-1852)
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|
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1
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Giraudoux, Jean
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(1882-1944)
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|
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1
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Gish, Lillian
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(1893-1993)
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American
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Actress in silent films. She became the woman as heroine.
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1
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Gissing, George
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(1857-1903)
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|
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1
|
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Gladstone, W.E.
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(1809-1898)
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English
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Prime minister. He led Britain for fourteen years, tried to reform the political and social system along 19th century liberal lines, and was known for his personal rectitude. In one peculiar incident, he befriended a prostitute and tried to reform her.
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1
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|
Glanvill, Joseph
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(1636-1680)
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English
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Philosopher. Although a churchman, he wrote the Vanity of Dogmatising, which endorsed an open mind, freedom of expression, and science.
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1
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|
Glanvill, Ranulf de
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(?-1190)
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|
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1
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Glubb, Sir John
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(1897-1986)
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English
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Soldier. Known as "Glubb Pasha," he organized the Jordanian army after World War II, and was also a scholar of Arab history and culture.
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1
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|
Gobineau, Joseph
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(1816-1882)
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French
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Writer, scholar, and diplomat. He argued, in a multi-volume work, that racial differences were primary factors in determining the success or failure of cultures.
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1
|
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Godel,Kurt
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(1906-1978)
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Czechoslovakian
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Logician. He did important work in quantitative logic.
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1
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